Acute Coronary Syndrome
ISCHEMIA CKD: No Difference In Outcomes Between Medical and Invasive Approaches to Ischemia in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease
The results of the International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches – Chronic Kidney Disease were presented by Dr. Sripal Bangalore at the American Heart Association 2019 meeting. Dr. Bangalore and his team showed that in patients with moderate ischemia and end-stage renal disease, an initial invasive strategy with catheterization and possibly percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) did not lead to an improvement in clinical outcomes.
DAPA-HF: Dapagliflozin Improves Heart Failure Outcomes in Patients With HFrEF Regardless of Diabetic Status
Dr. John McMurray presented the results of the DAPA-HF trial at the American Heart Association 2019 Meeting. The study, which was published in the New England Journal of Medicine, showed that dapagliflozin, an SGLT-2 inhibitor, can potentially be used to treat heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in patients with and without type 2 diabetes.
BETonMACE: Trial Shows Novel BET Protein Inhibitor Apabetalone Is Safe and Could Potentially Be Used To Improve Cardiovascular Outcomes
During the American Heart Association 2019 meeting, Dr. Kosh Ray presented the results of the BETonMACE trial. Dr. Ray and his teams showed apabetalone, a BET protein inhibitor was safe and well-tolerated and could potentially be used to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
Phase 1 Trial Shows RUC-4 (A Novel Subcutaneous GPIIb/IIIa Inhibitor) Achieves Safe, Rapid and Effective Platelet Inhibition
The results of a phase 1 trial that evaluated the safety of RUC-4, a novel subcutaneous GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor, were presented by Dr. Dean Kereiakes at the American Heart Association 2019 meeting. The study showed that in healthy volunteers and subjects on aspirin with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), RUC-4 provided rapid and high-grade platelet inhibition that resolved within 2 hours.
ISCHEMIA: No Reduction in Cardiovascular Event in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease Who Undergo Invasive Therapy
The results of the ISCHEMIA trial were presented by Dr. Judith Hochman at the American Heart Association 2019 meeting. The study demonstrated that in stable patients, there was no difference in cardiac event rates in patients who underwent invasive procedures as compared to those who were managed conservatively.
COLCOT: Colchicine Reduced Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Recent Myocardial Infarction
The results of the COLCOT trial were presented by Dr. Jean-Claude Tardif at the American Heart Association 2019 conference and published in the New England Journal of Medicine. The study showed that in patients with a recent myocardial infarction, colchicine led to a significantly lower risk of ischemic cardiovascular events than placebo.
Registry Data Demonstrates No Difference in Survival Between Extracorporeal CPR and Conventional CPR in Patients With Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest
A study led by Dr. Wulfran Bougouin published in the European Heart Journal analyzed out of hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) and compared outcomes in patients who received and did not receive extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Dr. Bougouin and his team found that 4% of OHCAs were treated with extracorporeal-CPR and this was not associated with an increased hospital survival rate.
20-Year Study Shows Statin Use Associated with Reduced Cardiovascular Event Rate in Children with Familial Hypercholesterolemia
A study led by Dr. Ilse Luirink published in the New England Journal of Medicine showed that initiating statins in children with familial hypercholesterolemia slowed the progression of carotid intima-media thickness and reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood.
THEMIS Study: Ticagrelor Plus Aspirin Associated with Lower Ischemic Event Rate but Higher Bleeding Rate Than Aspirin Alone in Patients with Diabetes and Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Use of ticagrelor plus aspirin in patients with stable coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes significantly lowers the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events compared with aspirin alone, but at the cost of higher major bleeding, according to the THEMIS study. The results were presented at ESC 2019 and published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
17 Year Study Shows Changes in Income Can Influence the Occurrence of Cardiovascular Disease
A study led by Mr. Stephen Wang, published in JAMA Cardiology, showed that an income drop over 6 years was associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease over the next 17 years. Additionally, an increase in income over 6 years was associated with a reduced incidence of cardiovascular disease over the same time period. The findings of this paper suggest that changes in income can have an effect on a person’s health.
ORION-1: 1-Year Follow-Up Data Affirms 2-dose Regimen Using 300 mg of Inclisiran For Persistent LDL-C Lowering 360-day follow-up results published in September edition of JAMA Cardiology
A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial studying the effect of a novel protein proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) synthesis inhibitor (inclisiran) on serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels has shown that twice a year subcutaneous injections of inclisiran leads to a sustained dose-dependent reduction in serum LDL-C levels over a period of 1 year.
The COMPLETE Timing Substudy: A Randomized Trial of Complete Staged Revascularization Vs. Infarct Artery PCI Alone in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease – Importance of Revascularization Timing
The results of a substudy of the COMPLETE Trial were presented at TCT 2019 by Dr. David Wood, an interventional cardiologist, and Professor of Medicine at the University of British Columbia, Canada. The analyses revealed that compared with culprit-lesion only PCI, the timing of complete revascularization, whether performed early during the index hospitalization or after discharge have similar benefits on major cardiovascular events.
TWILIGHT Trial: Single Anti-Platelet Therapy (SAPT) Using Ticagrelor Reduces Bleeding Risk And Preserves Ischemia Prevention Post-PCI Following 3 months of dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT) post-PCI, continuation of anti-ischemic pharmacotherapy with ticagrelor alone safer than extended DAPT
A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial which enrolled 7119 high risk patients with coronary artery disease who had undergone recent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has shown that, after 3 months of dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT) using a P2Y12 receptor blocker (ticagrelor) and aspirin, continuing secondary prevention with a single anti-platelet therapy (SAPT) with ticagrelor alone reduces bleeding as compared to extended DAPT.
Dual Anti-thrombotic Therapy Safe For Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Recent PCI:ENTRUST-AF PCI Results of the ENTRUST-AF PCI trial presented at the ESC Congress 2019
Results from a phase-IIIb, open-label, multi-center, randomized clinical trial comparing the safety of dual anti-thrombotic therapy (DAT) with triple anti-thrombotic therapy (TAT) for patients with atrial fibrillation who have undergone recent (4 hours – 5 days) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), have shown that the DAT regimen (Edoxaban plus a P2Y12 inhibitor) is non-inferior to Vitamin K antagonist(VKA) plus a P2Y12 inhibitor and aspirin or TAT regimen.
PolyIran Trial: Polypill Prevents Cardiovascular Events PolyIran Trial: Fixed-Dose Combination Therapy With Aspirin, a Statin and Two Anti-hypertensives Reduced Cardiovascular Events As Compared to Non-Pharmacological Intervention
A four-component polypill, including aspirin, atorvastatin, hydrochlorothiazide, and enalapril or valsartan, effectively reduced major cardiovascular events in a real-life setting study. The results of the PolyIran trial by Roshandel G. et al. was published in Lancet.
CLIMA Registry: OCT-Defined Plaque Morphology Links to Major Coronary Events CLIMA Registry: Presence of Multiple High Risk Plaque Features Detected By Optical Coherence Tomography Associated With Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Events
Data from CLIMA registry shows that simultaneous presence of four optical coherence tomography (OCT) plaque vulnerability features are associated with a seven-fold increased risk of future major coronary events. The study, led by Prati et al., is recently published in the European Heart Journal.
Novel Physiology-Based Method of Estimating Myocardial Ischemic Burden
Murai et al. devised a novel physiology-based method of estimating the amount of myocardium subtended by coronary stenosis, which is feasible and can be performed in the catheterization laboratory with a Doppler sensor-equipped guidewire. The study was published in the recent issue of Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions.
Fractional Flow Reserve Aids Decision Making for Intermediate Coronary Lesions: 1-Month Data from FORZA Study
Compared with optical coherence tomography (OCT), fractional flow reserve (FFR) was associated with a higher percentage of medical therapy, lower risk of acute kidney injury, shorter hospital stay, and reduced costs at one month among patients with intermediate coronary lesions. The study by Leone et al., recently published in the Journal of American Heart Association, revealed.
IMPROVE-IT Trial: Intensive Lipid-Lowering Cuts CVD Risk in the Elderly
Among patients hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), adding ezetimibe to simvastatin further reduced the risk of cardiovascular events, and the benefit was ten times greater in the elderly than younger individuals. A secondary analysis of the IMPROVE-IT trial, published in JAMA Cardiology, revealed.
Study Suggests Increased Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Black Women With Complications During Pregnancy
A study led by Dr. Julian Wichmann published in JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging showed that black women with a history of pregnancy complications had a higher prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) on coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA). Additionally, having a history of gestational diabetes mellitus was independently associated with any and obstructive CAD and CCTA.
